Impulse NoteImpulse Note
Budget Briefs · Comparable Accounts

Government Finance
Reference Year 2024

Annual historical observations · General government · One IMF vintage
Tracked Economies
24
Total Outlays Tracked
$33.3T
Comparable view: Every ranking below uses the same 2024 IMF WEO vintage and general-government concept. All 24 reports also include a validated government annual account. 16 reports include collapsed OECD tax detail and 4 include collapsed federal expenditure detail.
Global Fiscal Map & Rankings
CountryOutlays% GDP ▼Balance% GDPPublicDebt
1FranceFrance
57.3%−5.8%113.2%
2ItalyItaly
50.4%−3.4%134.7%
3PolandPoland
49.4%−6.5%55.1%
4GermanyGermany
49.4%−2.7%62.2%
5GreeceGreece
48.2%+1.2%155.4%
6CroatiaCroatia
48.0%−1.9%57.4%
7DenmarkDenmark
47.3%+4.5%30.5%
8SloveniaSlovenia
46.5%−0.9%66.6%
9BrazilBrazil
45.5%−6.2%87.0%
10SpainSpain
45.5%−3.2%101.6%
11CanadaCanada
44.3%−2.1%110.0%
12United KingdomUnited Kingdom
43.7%−6.1%99.9%
13EstoniaEstonia
43.6%−1.5%23.5%
14United StatesUnited States
37.7%−7.9%122.3%
15JapanJapan
37.3%−1.7%214.5%
16RussiaRussia
36.7%−1.6%14.8%
17South AfricaSouth Africa
33.0%−5.7%76.0%
18ChinaChina
32.9%−7.1%90.4%
19TürkiyeTürkiye
32.9%−4.5%23.6%
20SwitzerlandSwitzerland
31.3%+0.5%40.5%
21MexicoMexico
30.8%−5.8%59.1%
22IndiaIndia
29.3%−7.9%84.8%
23Saudi ArabiaSaudi Arabia
29.2%−2.5%25.9%
24United Arab EmiratesUnited Arab Emirates
21.4%+6.4%34.9%
Comparable Country Reports

United States

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue29.9%of GDP
Expenditure37.7%of GDP
Deficit7.9%of GDP
Gross debt122.3%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxesFederal layer
Open report →

United Kingdom

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue37.6%of GDP
Expenditure43.7%of GDP
Deficit6.1%of GDP
Gross debt99.9%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

China

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue25.8%of GDP
Expenditure32.9%of GDP
Deficit7.1%of GDP
Gross debt90.4%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

Japan

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue35.6%of GDP
Expenditure37.3%of GDP
Deficit1.7%of GDP
Gross debt214.5%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Denmark

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue51.8%of GDP
Expenditure47.3%of GDP
Surplus4.5%of GDP
Gross debt30.5%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Greece

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue49.5%of GDP
Expenditure48.2%of GDP
Surplus1.2%of GDP
Gross debt155.4%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Croatia

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue46.1%of GDP
Expenditure48.0%of GDP
Deficit1.9%of GDP
Gross debt57.4%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

Russia

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue35.1%of GDP
Expenditure36.7%of GDP
Deficit1.6%of GDP
Gross debt14.8%of GDP
Report baseFederal budget
5 revenue categories · aggregate spending
Annual account
Open report →

Germany

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue46.8%of GDP
Expenditure49.4%of GDP
Deficit2.7%of GDP
Gross debt62.2%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxesFederal layer
Open report →

Brazil

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue39.4%of GDP
Expenditure45.5%of GDP
Deficit6.2%of GDP
Gross debt87.0%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

India

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue21.4%of GDP
Expenditure29.3%of GDP
Deficit7.9%of GDP
Gross debt84.8%of GDP
Report baseUnion government
3 revenue categories · 2 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

Italy

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue47.0%of GDP
Expenditure50.4%of GDP
Deficit3.4%of GDP
Gross debt134.7%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Poland

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue43.0%of GDP
Expenditure49.4%of GDP
Deficit6.5%of GDP
Gross debt55.1%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

South Africa

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue27.3%of GDP
Expenditure33.0%of GDP
Deficit5.7%of GDP
Gross debt76.0%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

Spain

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue42.3%of GDP
Expenditure45.5%of GDP
Deficit3.2%of GDP
Gross debt101.6%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

France

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue51.5%of GDP
Expenditure57.3%of GDP
Deficit5.8%of GDP
Gross debt113.2%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Estonia

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue42.1%of GDP
Expenditure43.6%of GDP
Deficit1.5%of GDP
Gross debt23.5%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
5 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Mexico

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue25.0%of GDP
Expenditure30.8%of GDP
Deficit5.8%of GDP
Gross debt59.1%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 8 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Canada

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue42.2%of GDP
Expenditure44.3%of GDP
Deficit2.1%of GDP
Gross debt110.0%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 8 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxesFederal layer
Open report →

Slovenia

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue45.5%of GDP
Expenditure46.5%of GDP
Deficit0.9%of GDP
Gross debt66.6%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
6 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Switzerland

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue31.8%of GDP
Expenditure31.3%of GDP
Surplus0.5%of GDP
Gross debt40.5%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxesFederal layer
Open report →

Saudi Arabia

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue26.8%of GDP
Expenditure29.2%of GDP
Deficit2.5%of GDP
Gross debt25.9%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 8 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

United Arab Emirates

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue27.8%of GDP
Expenditure21.4%of GDP
Surplus6.4%of GDP
Gross debt34.9%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual account
Open report →

Türkiye

Comparable general government · 2024

Revenue28.4%of GDP
Expenditure32.9%of GDP
Deficit4.5%of GDP
Gross debt23.6%of GDP
Report baseGeneral government
9 revenue categories · 10 spending categories
Annual accountOECD taxes
Open report →

Primary source: World Economic Outlook Database, April 2026, International Monetary Fund. The downloaded workbook is pinned and content-hashed in the generated data artifact.

Methodology: Reference-year 2024 historical observations. Revenue, expenditure, balance, and gross debt use the IMF general-government definition; institutional composition is retained for every country. Data may be provisional and revised.